Is Linux a monolithic system?

Yes, Linux is considered a monolithic operating system.

In Linux, the kernel is designed with a monolithic architecture, meaning that it includes all essential system services and functionalities—such as file management, process control, and device drivers—within a single, large codebase. This design allows the kernel to handle various tasks efficiently and with direct interaction with hardware.

While Linux does offer modularity in terms of loadable kernel modules that can be dynamically added or removed, the core structure remains monolithic. The kernel operates as a single cohesive unit, which integrates various system components and services into one executable. This approach contrasts with microkernel designs, where only the most fundamental services run in the kernel, and other functions are managed by separate processes.

Therefore, Linux exemplifies a monolithic system through its comprehensive and tightly integrated kernel architecture.